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Startup Law
June 6, 20268 min read

The Flip-Up Structure for Startups Expanding Abroad: What, Why, and How?

The share-exchange mechanics of a flip-up, capital gains tax, the CFC regime, and KVKK data transfer considerations for startups seeking foreign investment.

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Startup Law
May 30, 20269 min read

Employee Stock Options (Vesting/ESOP): A Setup Guide for Startups

How startups can set up a TCC-compliant ESOP using option agreements, vesting schedules, good/bad leaver clauses, and the Provisional Article 84 income tax exemption.

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Startup Law
May 22, 20268 min read

SAFE Agreements and Investment Contracts in Turkey: How Should Startup Financing Be Structured?

SAFE has no direct equivalent under the Turkish Commercial Code. Here is how founders and investors can achieve the same outcome through a convertible loan and shareholders' agreement structure.

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Legal Articles
May 15, 20269 min read

Setting Up a Company Abroad From Turkey: Capital Outflows, the CFC Regime, and Choosing a Structure

Capital export notifications, the Controlled Foreign Company (CFC) regime, transfer pricing, and choosing a jurisdiction for your foreign holding structure.

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Legal Articles
May 7, 20268 min read

How to Get a Work Permit in Turkey: Types, Quotas, and the Application Process

Fixed-term, indefinite, independent, and exceptional work permits for foreigners in Turkey: application routes, the foreign/Turkish staff quota, and common mistakes that delay approval.

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Legal Articles
April 30, 20268 min read

How to Get a Residence Permit in Turkey: Types, Application Process, and Common Mistakes

Short-term, family, student, and long-term residence permits in Turkey: the e-ikamet application process, required documents, and common rejection reasons.

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Legal Articles
April 22, 20268 min read

How to Acquire Turkish Citizenship: Exceptional Citizenship by Investment and Other Pathways

How can foreigners acquire Turkish citizenship through investment, marriage, or general residence? Real estate investment thresholds, the application process, and common mistakes.

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Cybersecurity Alerts
April 15, 20268 min read

The 72 Hours After a Cyberattack: Dual Notification Duty to the KVKK Board and the Cybersecurity Presidency

Companies that suffer a cyberattack involving personal data now face two separate notification duties: to the KVKK Board within 72 hours, and to the Cybersecurity Presidency without delay.

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KVKK Updates
April 7, 20268 min read

How to File a KVKK Data Breach Notification: A Step-by-Step Guide (2026)

How to file a KVKK data breach notification within 72 hours: the form, the online system, informing data subjects, and the consequences of late notification.

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Cybersecurity Alerts
March 31, 20267 min read

How to Report Cyber Incidents to the Cybersecurity Presidency

Under Law No. 7545, vulnerabilities and cyber incidents must be reported to the Cybersecurity Presidency without delay, with fines of up to TRY 10 million for non-compliance.

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Cybersecurity Alerts
March 23, 20268 min read

One Data Breach, Two Penalties: What the New Cybersecurity Law Means for Companies

Following Law No. 7545, companies can now be fined by both the Personal Data Protection Authority and the Cybersecurity Presidency for the same incident.

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Cybersecurity Alerts
March 16, 20268 min read

Failing to Implement Cybersecurity Measures: Sanctions Companies Face Under the Cybersecurity Law

What awaits companies that fail to implement required cybersecurity measures? Fines of up to TRY 10 million, proportional penalties, overlap with the KVKK, and audit obligations.

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Legal Articles
March 8, 20267 min read

Ransomware Attacks: The Legal Liability of Companies

In a ransomware attack, your company is not only a victim - it is also a party with legal obligations. Notification duties, fines, compensation risk, and the legality of paying the ransom.

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Legal Articles
March 1, 20269 min read

EU vs. Turkey on Cybersecurity Penalties: NIS2's Single-Penalty Rule vs. Turkey's Double-Sanction Risk

The EU bars a second fine for the same act already fined under the GDPR. In Turkey, KVKK and Cybersecurity Law fines can be cumulative. A full EU-Turkey comparison.

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AI Regulation
February 21, 20268 min read

The EU AI Act and Its Implications for Turkish Tech Companies

The EU AI Act presents a comprehensive regulatory framework aiming to ensure the ethical deployment of AI technologies. For Turkish tech companies, understanding this regulation is crucial to navigate compliance and harness opportunities in the European market.

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KVKK Updates
February 14, 20268 min read

Understanding the 72-Hour Rule for Data Breach Notifications Under KVKK

Explore the intricate process of data breach notification under Turkey's KVKK, emphasizing the critical 72-hour rule. Learn the step-by-step procedure for compliance, ensuring your business remains aligned with data protection regulations.

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Legal Articles
February 6, 20269 min read

Critical Clauses in SaaS Agreements: SLA, Data Processing, and Liability Limitations

SaaS agreements are pivotal in defining service parameters and responsibilities. Key clauses such as Service Level Agreements (SLA), data processing obligations, and liability limitations play a crucial role in safeguarding interests and ensuring compliance.

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Cybersecurity Alerts
January 30, 20268 min read

Cybersecurity Legal Obligations and Board Responsibilities in 2026

As cybersecurity threats evolve, the legal landscape for corporate governance changes. In 2026, boards must navigate complex regulations like GDPR and KVKK, ensuring robust cybersecurity frameworks to mitigate legal risks.

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Legal Articles
January 22, 20268 min read

Legal Preparation for Startups: A Comprehensive Due Diligence Checklist Before Funding Rounds

Navigating the complexities of legal due diligence can be a daunting task for startups. This article provides a detailed checklist, helping startups ensure compliance with regulations like GDPR and KVKK before entering funding rounds.

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Technology Updates
January 15, 202610 min read

Navigating Open Source License Risks: Strategies for Compliance with GPL, MIT, and Commercial Software

Open source licenses like GPL and MIT offer flexibility but pose legal challenges. Understanding their nuances is critical for technology companies seeking compliance. This article explores strategies for managing these risks and aligning with commercial software requirements.

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